Numb3rs s04e01 Episode Script

Previously on numbers: Dwayne carter.
We did a tour together in afghanistan.
Your friend is bought and paid for by the chinese government.
The man who saves your life- you put him in jail.
Things I could tell you about squeaky-clean colby granger.
If you find the janus list, trust it! ashby was building a janus list.
A master list of double agents and traitors.
Welcome to the janus list.
The following people have been have been co-opted.
United states fbi agent colby granger, by the chinese.
shore 3 drugs 2 identities I mean, do you understand what you're telling me? Nothing you don't know.
Nothing everybody's not going to know tomorrow.
David how long have you been lying to us, huh? - Just relax.
From the beginning, david.
That's what a spy does.
You ain't no damn spy! You're a traitor! All that crap outabserving your country! Get out of here! You ain't no damn spy! You're a traitor! All that crap about serving your country! Get out of here! Spying on your own country? I mean, do you understand what you're telling me? this man, do you know this man? Do you know him? This man, you know this man here? Yo, turn around! I will put cases on every one of you! Every one of you! How long have you been lying to us, huh? Just relax.
You ain'n'amn spy.
You're a traitor.
All that crap about serving your country! Get out of here.
Dwayne carter approached me while I was in the academy and asked if he could make a copy of a training manual.
It didn't seem like a big deal.
You know, he'd ask for a file or a pass code to a database.
Before I knew it, I was spying for the chinese.
It didn't seem like a big deal.
You know, he'd ask for a file or a pass code to a database.
Before I knew it, I was spying for the chinese.
So consider the game of chicken in which there are three nash equilibria.
Each driver can choose to drive straight at the other- consistent with a rational strategy- and rationally crash.
So game theorists recognized this conundrum during the 1950s as we contemplated nuclear annihilation.
Mathematical theory confirmed what we instinctively understood- that the sane man often operates at a disadvantage.
So what am I illustrating? I'm illustrating the ability of math to do more than define the parameters of our lives.
It can illuminate the human condition.
And some day, perhaps, it will even define what lives deepest in our hearts.
Okay? Tomorrow, however, we are going to return to parameters.
Specifically partition congruences.
All right, you guys are done.
Enjoy the rest of your day.
oh, hey.
There you are.
Your analysis of game theory seems a little bleak.
Oh.
: Yeah.
And I noticed you haven't been doing any consulting work for the fbi.
Well, don hasn't asked me, you know.
Honestly, it's been kind of nice getting back to teaching.
Breathing.
Kissing you.
Before I knew it, I was spying for the chinese.
Yeah? How did it feel? Spying on your own country? I didn't do it because I believed in communism or china.
I did it because I could.
'Cause after afghanistan, I just didn't really believe in much of anything.
so, are you finding your answers here? The monks and I are asking the same questions.
Hey well, I'm sure you know this.
The dobsonian telescope owes its very existence to the hours that john dobson spent at the vedanta society monastery.
I did not know that.
Oh, I just think I needed some kind of caesura from the madness of daily obligations.
You to what do you owe your respite? What makes you think I'm taking a respite? Well, given the many hours you've spent here, their distribution over the past many weeks- I mean, it's highly doubtful that you could be maintaining your official duties as well.
I had some leave time coming that I think I really needed.
You know, with everything that happened with colby, and my work for the doj before that still not at liberty to discuss it? I'm not sure that I'm ready.
You know, I I feel like I've been sleepwalking since I got back.
I'M I'm physically present, but I'm somewhere else at the same time.
You know, I had a very similar experience on my first space walk.
Just this sense of, oh- for want of a more elegant term- quantum disconnectedness.
And did it go away? Unfortunately, it did.
who else is involved? Carter was my cutout.
He never let me near his handlers.
Donny? Come on.
It's been five weeks.
There's just something about his confession.
It just doesn't feel right.
I mean, do you understand what you're telling me? It just doesn't seem right.
Like what? I don't know.
Like, I didn't see it coming, for one thing.
Well, no one did.
Come on.
You got to allow yourself a few mistakes in life.
Yeah, well, people die that way.
Northcom reginal confinement facility How's it been? Last chance to turn back.
I've spent two years lying to everybody about everything.
Stop now, it's all for nothing.
Expect something to happen during the transfer.
Take the guard's cell phone.
Number six on the speed dial.
Who else knows? Almost no one.
So I'm alone.
You got me.
man: Delta three niner, confirm for transpo to secure facility two.
any chance you got some johnny cash up there? Seriously, I may be a traitor, but at least I'm an american.
Any of you guys even got green cards? Dwayne, do you ever shut up? Solitary for three weeks- conversation's been a little thin.
Excuse me for being social.
don't move, or I'll blow your brains out! Dwayne, grab his gun.
ride's here.
this ain't going our way, granger.
We got to go.
Hey, get down! Don't move.
Didn't hear you get up.
Oh, hey.
Well, you know, since millie's been on me to publish lately, I thought I'd dust off some of my insights into groebner basis calculations.
"A mathematical analysis of friendship dynamics.
" Yeah, I figured I could navigate through the 11th grade using the minimax theorem and n-person games.
Did it work? Actually, my insights into the network externalities of school elections were absolutely bulletproof.
Payoff strategies for doing other people's homework were not quite as well reasoned.
I'm telling you.
It's absolutely new.
I just bought it.
I know, but this is, like, your third one this year.
With the shoes, which i have to try on right now.
Charlie, last chance.
Oh, I-I I love the game of golf, but, no.
Thank you.
- We have other plans, all right? - All right, all right.
Can I see this? I still remember this.
- You remember it? - Yeah, yeah, the friendship math, right? - Yeah.
That's right.
- Yeah, yeah.
I tried to read this.
Really? Yeah.
I thought I could why? Uh, you know, I thought I could, uh, pick up girls with it.
Of course.
What, it was, like, 11th grade, right? Wow.
yeah 11th grade All right, dad, let's get out of here.
Eppes.
Oh, no.
They're going to be too small.
What? When? Yeah, yeah, all right.
Uh yeah.
I'm on my way.
I got to go.
Why? What's up? Dwayne carter and colby just escaped.
in here.
Where's my keys? - Where the hell are my keys? - You left them on the hook in the kitchen.
Charlie, I think you better help him.
Come on, you did this before.
What was it? Uh, chase curves, right? Pursuit curves, and they're not really applicable here, dad.
Although, you know, I have always suspected that the set covering deployment problem could be an invaluable aid in positioning police units.
No, no, these aren't my keys! They're on the coffee table.
It's potentially revolutionary.
Now picture, uh, picture a coastline at night.
To keep ships from crashing on the rocks, we build lighthouses, right? But lighthouses are a limited resource because they cost time, they cost money, materials.
But using set covering deployment, we can determine the best placement for our limited number of lighthouses to illuminate the ocean.
Put your ankle up here.
Where did you get the key? Swallowed it right before they busted me.
Figured it was just a matter of time.
Standard-issue cuffs use the same one.
Give me this thing.
I have to make a call.
Use the phone right in the office there.
Right in there.
No, it's me.
Yeah, we need a ride.
Now! We got a ride, but we got to go to 5th and alvarado.
All right.
Hey, man, put on something to cover that up.
Oh, yeah.
Good idea.
oh, man, i must've tripped the alarm.
What? The cops! The alarm! Say, mike, what do you got? Thanks.
What's up, megan? Thanks for coming back early.
All right, so what do we got? Carter and granger were being moved to a new holding facility.
The transport was ambushed en route.
Driver hit the panic button.
The response time was faster than they probably expected.
Which would explain why there's two dead, a third in critical, and the fourth guy was id'd as jimmy hong tran.
What's that, like, vietnamese? Yeah, he's a local mope.
He's not talking.
Strictly hired muscle.
Granger and carter used a diversion, overpowered the guards.
They slipped away during the firefight.
Now, eyewitnesses saw them taking off down hill street.
They were shackled together at the ankles.
But the driver said that col'bys hands were free, so they must have gotten a key somehow.
Yeah, it's right here.
That explains how they got loose.
And if they lost it while they're still in leg shackles yeah, so they're gonna be trying to cut those off, right? Charles, the monks do not appreciate fbi agents knocking at their doors, especially during morning contemplation.
Yeah, I didn't have any way to call you.
Yes, by design.
You know, much as I respect, I've even embraced your work colby escaped from jail.
All right.
So you're programming a matrix for set covering deployment.
It doesn't seem to be much use for a cosmologist here.
Plenty of use for a friend, though.
Look, intellectually, I know that this case is no different than any other case I've worked on- a problem needs to be solved.
And, as in every case, there is a human component.
In this instance, a personal component.
I can't reconcile what I know about the man with his actions.
Try as I might to put that out of my head.
Oh, no, no, no, no, no, charles.
You ignore any reality, no matter how uncomfortable, only at your own risk.
But on the other hand, you incorporate it, and I don't know, who knows what insight might rise up here from the depths.
I'm not sorry I dragged you out of bed, larry.
They lost the key, they cut the link.
It looks like one of them is still wearing a belt.
They made a call.
Tried to.
Well, I can get a dump on the phone line.
Yeah.
Lapd lost them in a back alley, but thinks they might've ducked into the farmer's market.
Why are we doing this? We're acting like this is any other case, and it isn'T.
What do we do? Go home, leave it for somebody else? No, I think we got to address what we're feeling 'cause it's affecting the work.
I'm feeling like I'd really like to put them back in prison.
Sure you're up for this? Hey, that's not fair.
That's not what I said.
What do you want me to say? How do I feel?I feel like it's my fault.
That colby's my responsibility.
We move the foot patrols into the unknown occupancy grids.
Won't that compromise the coverage in the central zone? Okay, how about a terrain guarding algorithm? it's always terrain guarding algorithms with you.
Hey.
Charlie eppes.
Charlie, it's colby.
Look, I need to speak to don.
Why call me? Because the fbi can't trace me quick enough through your phone, charlie.
Look, think about this like a mathematician.
Is there any reason not to put me through to don? Uh, no.
It's colby.
I got to call you back.
What, you call my brother? Is this a threat? Don, my handler is agent michael kirkland, counterintelligence out of dc.
Your handler? Look, when dwae ynfirst came to me back at quantico, I reported it.
Kirkland has been using me to feed cherry-picked information through dwayne to the chinese because he's sure that carter's working for someone high up at the doj.
Who's that? That's the thing, don, we haven't flushed him out yet.
When carter got busted, kirkland figured if I got thrown in jail with him and escaped with him, that was our only shot that he might lead me up.
But the problem is, I can't get ahold of kirkland right now.
I don't know if something's happened to him or if I'm being set up.
Who else can verify this? The ranking guard on the transport.
Other than that, don, I-I don't know.
Kirkland kept this whole op extremely contained.
Colby, you're giving me a story here I can't even check out.
I'm giving you kirkland, don.
Okay, you don't trust me.
I get that, all right? But you have to understand that I trust you.
The fact is, you are the only person that I can trust right now.
So dc says there is a michael kirkland in counterintelligence, and he's been in north hollywood for the past six weeks.
Any number of ways granger could've known that.
It could be a name he sold to the chinese.
So you go talk to him, all right? But, uh, let's just keep this among ourselves, okay? We're not going to report contact with an escaped prisoner? No, I just want to find out what colby gains by telling us this story, you know? Because you think he could be telling the truth? Any of you familiar with trust metrics? Uh, sure, in psychology, it's a measure of how much a member of a group is trusted by the other members.
We can't trust anything colby says.
Well, it's not an either-or proposition if we employ a fuzzy system.
Yes, I am done with that.
Now, how would we describe this ice cube? Wet, hard, cold.
But none of those words mean anything unless we have a basis for comparison.
Using fuzzy logic, we create a range of those states and assign the ice cube values accordingly.
Similarly, a person's honesty is not absolute; we all lie to varying degrees for varying reasons.
So what, you're going to tell us what percentage to believe him? More like a probabilistic statement.
Let me do the work.
If you guys don't want to use it, then at least I tried.
Charlie, don't you really have your hands full trying to figure out their possible escape routes? Actually, my set covering deployment yielded a very interesting byproduct.
So we created a dynamic, adaptive system adjusting for crowds, Yeah, of course, it must seem fairly abstract to you.
No, no, no, I get it; the thicker lines are higher probabilities, right? We start where they escaped, take them to the garage.
Why do the subway stations have lower values? Coverage- there are police on the station stairs and platforms.
Yeah, but not all the trains.
If they disappeared here.
and they haven't shown up here, right? Yeah! Well, well, don has gotten much better at the math.
He puts on a good game face, but he seems like he's hurting.
Well, it's hard enough colby betrayed him, and now, even more confusion about who he is and what he's doing.
You know something, we might do well to consider a strange neutral b meson here.
- Okay.
- If something as simple as.
as a heavy bottom antiquark bound with a strange quark can reverse its identity three million times a second, how do we expect something as complex as the human mind to simply remain unchanged? Colby! Don't move! Colby! Don't move! Colby!colby, carter, freeze! Ah, damn it! I let colby go.
Oh, come on, man, you didn't let him.
but we do have to assume that he's moved beyond the boundaries of my set deployment by now.
I let him get away.
I had him.
I walos oking right at him.
All right.
Were you basing your decision on his statement, the circumstantial context, or a disposition towards giving him the benefit of the doubt? What, are you actually putting it in an equation? Well, of course, man.
It factors into my trust metric.
I mean, I just, I don't know why I believed him.
Unless it's so simple as I don't want to admit I was wrong in the first place.
- Don, you have a big ego.
- Thanks.
- No, you have a ginormous ego.
- Thanks.
But you're not stupid, you know? You made the best decision you could with all the available information you had.
And if past performance is any indicator, man.
you are probabilistically right.
Probabilistically, huh? I know math is full of absolutes, and.
unfortunately, the rest of life isn'T.
This guy doesn't say much, huh? Never heard him talk, come to think of it.
Remember when i dragged your ass out of that humvee? Yeah, you remember why? Sometimes I think the burns are payment enough for the things that we've done.
Other times, i know they're not.
Holding that key, sitting in jail for five weeks, you trusted me to make a move, and I knew I could trust you to wait.
Well, we're in this together, right? Damn straight.
The rest of them can go to hell, as long as we keep dragging each other out of the wrecks.
What were you thinking trying to shoot it out with the cops? I was thinking, I'm gonna die before I go back to jail.
You know this is a smoke screen, right? Granger sends us off chasing ghosts while he gets clear.
You know, the best way to find out is we'll just ask kirkland ourselves.
Do you smell that? Only one thing smells like that.
Damn.
- clear.
- Mmm.
Special agent michael kirkland.
It's agent sinclair.
Yeah.
Do you have an agent michael kirkland? Yeah, he's dead.
*******aortic valve stenosis.
Induced a major heart attack.
And dc is pushing us off.
Their official statement is that, uh, because kirkland was in counterintelligence, his operations may be beyond our "need to know".
Yeah?What about unofficially? I got the impression no one has any idea what he was doing in los angeles.
Obvious theory is, he was a spy.
Maybe carter's mystery contact.
He outlives his usefulness with the chinese, and they kill him.
Well, what do you think? I don't know.
Dc's already asking us how we found the body.
don, we have to come clean.
Look, cifolby's telling the truth, we got a leak at the doj.
Come on in.
How you doing? Take a seat.
- Any problems? - Nothing we couldn't handle.
Do you know who I am? Should I? Well, that's a question I need answered, agent granger.
Oh, it's not "agent" anymore.
Mike kirkland says differently.
Am I missing something? You've been missing it for two years.
He's a triple agent, dwayne.
He's been feeding us lousy intel and spying on the fbi for the last two years.
may I have the, uh, phone, please.
How long were you planning on playing this? All the way through to china? If I had to.
So, you were responsible for transporting carter and granger? Yes, sir.
The orders came in late, and I was ranking officer on the block.
Sir, am I in trouble? You know an agent named mike kirkland? No, sir.
All right, let's suppose your orders were, in fact, to help these guys escape.
Agent eppes, are you accusing me of treason? That's what helping traitors escape from custody would be- treason.
Agent kirkland was found dead this morning, okay.
So, if there was some kind of classified operation going on, there's people's lives in jeopardy.
You understand what I'm saying here? Yes, sir.
Kirkland picked the right man.
The guy can definitely keep a secret.
Or he has no idea what we're talking about.
All right, either way it would only confirm colby's story.
It's not going to help us find him.
All right, maybe we're just chasing this thing wrong.
The last time we went after carter, what did he do? Made a run for china.
Then he arranged a murder from prison, he pretended to cooperate with us- yeah, but that was only to convince the cia to trade him back to china.
Right, so how's he plan to get there? You're suggesting we develop a projective analysis assuming.
that colby and carter intend to get to china Not colby- just carter.
Everyone agrees on who he is, you know, what his motivations are.
Well, that makes sense, charlie.
Isn't there a mathematical term for, uh, uh, removing the clutter? Yeah, we call it "removing the clutter".
Oh.
I mean, I suppose we could develop some expressions.
I have to go.
Well, that's how it is, you know.
He gets an idea.
Yeah.
So, how you doing, david? Uh, you know, just trying to treat it like another case, you know.
I don't see how you can.
I mean, it's you and colby and.
yeah, that's the thing about friends.
sometimes they turn on you.
Yeah, that's the big test, isn't it? How do you deal with a really close friend who lets you down? Mr.
Eppes, he did not just forget to pick me up from the airport He sold out his country.
I don't want to get all 1960s on you, but, um, I've heard that accusation tossed around a lot in my lifetime.
And the truth is, uh.
it's never that simple.
I mean, you might owe it to yourself and colby.
to try to understand why he did what he did before you actually close the book on him.
Excuse the camera.
I can't remember things like I used to.
I should have realized you were a plant from the start.
we have that in common.
I was born in beijing- absorbed into an extensive training program just after i could talk.
They sent me to the united states where I was educated and assimilated.
I was even pre-med before I.
followed my path into government service.
Unfortunately, kirkland died before he could answer the most important questions like, does the fbi know my name yet? And, um.
if I go back to washington, will I be arrested? Why don't you just ask dwayne.
He's been working with us this whole time.
Why don't we start with something simple- something I already know- like your op name.
Arabian knights.
Stalking horse.
Lesson number one: You can't lie, and I don't bluff.
I may need to find a new monastery.
so, I was on my way to the fbi to help answer some questions, and I had to stop and take a deep breath before I went the rest of the way because I'm not sure about the optimality of giving don the solutions he's asked for.
Why, because you're not sure he'll use them wisely? Well, because I'm not sure they're right.
I mean, they're right, but.
how can I be sure that they'll produce the right outcome? Yeah, well, you've wrestled with this question before.
Ahye, the stakes have seldom been so personal.
Well, you know, one could posit that any outcome the solution produces is the one that was meant to be.
Science transcends functions, facts- it's all a path to understanding higher truths.
Just yesterday I made that very same point to my intro game theory class.
Every professor should spend time in the back of his own classroom.
Ah, you're right.
Thank you.
Sorry to interrupt your meditation.
Silent contemplation has certainly taught me one thing.
What's that? You can contemplate silence, but you can never find it.
What I administered was a nonlethal dose of tubocurarine.
It paralyzes the muscles and depresses the respiratory capabilities creating what I've heard described as the sensation of slowly drowning.
You and i are in the same position- both fighting for freedom, we're both fighting our lives.
Think of what you'd do in my position, multiply that by five, and you'll understand what I'm willing to put you through.
We assume that dwayne carter intends to get to china from los angeles by a direct and safe path.
Now, he is aware of all the resources at your disposal- police dragnets and surveillance on family and friends.
I mean, you don't need karmarkar's algorithm to see where this is going.
Ernst straus posited a roomful of mirrors and a man lighting a match.
Like lighthouses, that man wants to illuminate everything.
Now, as the reflection of the light bounced from wall to wall, straus wondered if there was a room so complex that a match lit in the right place couldn't reach every corner.
Well, it was 40 years before george tokarsky devised an answer- a 26-sided room.
In the spirit of that problem and solution, I looked for carter's dark corner- the nearest, safest chinese soil.
We already have the chinese consulate staked out.
Ah, but he has a much simpler, more viable option.
Any ship flying a chinese flag is considered foreign soil once it's out of the contiguous zone, 24 nautical miles offshore.
It's practically untouchable.
Right, so a value-based goalrithm ruled out private yachts and cruise ships and any boat incapable of making a transpacific journey.
However, it weighted heavily towards freighters, and the port of los angeles recorded Do they know my name? Have they been watching my contacts? How much of my network is compromised? Kirkland never said, and I never asked.
Is that what kirkland said when I asked him? I know kirkland.
If you tortured him, he didn't tell you anything.
That's right.
Quinuclidinyl benzilate.
produces akathisia, an intense desire to move.
It also amplifies pain receptors.
so that ev aen pinprick will feel like you're being stabbed.
It also causes hallucinations and a loss of mental and physical control.
Good.
Then you'll know what to expect.
David: Four chinese freighters pulled out of harbor this morning.
The tian xi was scheduled to load bicycle parts and paper pulp headed for vietnam next tuesday.
Instead, it pushed out of harbor this morning.
Nsa's satellite image is two hours old, but you can see she's just past the 12-mile mark.
What makes the tian xi really interesting is the bicycle parts are being loaded by the china national export company, which is on our watch list as a possible front for chinese intelligence.
You see that boat right there? take a look at this.
*** Do me a favor- zoom in on that black suv.
I mean, that's a whip antenna, isn't it? One of ours? let's see.
Infrared markings.
Run it.
All right, so the car was signed out to this guy.
His name is mason lancer.
He's a special assistant to the deputy attorney general.
That's exactly the kind of position that would have access to classified information, but he'd still need somebody to go out and steal what he can't reach.
Yeah, like carter.
Or colby granger.
David: Now, the ship is 16 miles out.
It's still outside the 12-mile territorial mark, but it's inside the contiguous zone.
Which means we still need a search warrant from the state department if we want to board.
How long does that take? Beeetwn three hours and two days, no guarantee that they're going to say yes.
Once they cross the 24-mile mark, there's no way we can get on at all.
All right, look, it comes down to this: Do we, in fact, think that colby is a traitor? That's all it's about.
Do we? And if we do, we let the coast guard watch it and we wait for a warrant.
And if he's not, he could be dead by then.
Yeah.
so, uh, th-this is the trust metric I- I prepared on colby granger.
It's, um, 'its a man's life put down on a few pages of expressions, distilled down to an index of trustworthiness, which is a single number that incorporates all facets of his behavior like, you know, like the risks he's taken or the orders he's obeyed or disobeyed.
The confidences he's shared.
Yeah, so what does it tell us? Nothing.
Nothing we don't already know in our heaS.
Rt I'm in.
I don't know what to believe, but I'd like to go find out.
All right, we roll in ten.
do they know my name? Your name, your dog's name, your grandmother's name.
Everybody knows everything.
The last syringe is potassium chloride, the finisher in a lethal injection cocktail.
If I can't know what you know, then it's really best for me that no one else does.
What it comes down to is: Do you want to spend the last hours in unholy pain just so that you can die? Granger, don't do this, it's not worth it for some secrets nobody will care about six months from now.
Dwayne, I really wish somebody else had pulled me out of that fire.
Why? 'Cause I hate owing you.
This is the fbi.
*** And prepare to be boarded.
- what are you doing? - What I said I would.
potassium chloride.
That stuff'll stop his heart cold.
Plunger wasn't fully deployed, but he's not breathing.
Colby! We got to get a medic.
Stay with me! Wake up! Let's go! Wake up! Colby just keeps owing this guy, huh? Yeah, if he lives.
Colby, colby, come on.
Let's go! - Come on.
- Colby! Ah, damn! Colby, you hear me? Doctors say his vitals have stabilized, but it'll be a day or so before the drugs are out of his system.
Until I saw that needle sticking out of his chest, I was sure he was guilty.
You saved his life.
I still don't know who he is.
I didn't know him when he was a spy.
Now he's some guy who pretended to be a spy.
Who pretended to be my partner.
- You coming in? - No.
not yet.
I don't feel any the lesser for a night away from broccoli, carrots, and coarse grain bread.
I'm stuffed.
Alan: You know, celebratory food always tastes better, larry, don't you think? Okay, to, um.
colby granger and his rapid recovery, we hope.
Yeah, well, then, in that case, to don's instincts.
Yeah, and, uh, your trust metric.
Sounds like a new chapter in the, uh, "mathematical analysis of friendship dynamics.
" I'm not familiar with that paper.
That was early charlie eppes.
The mathematics of friendship.
It's like a self-help manual for eggheads.
- Something like that.
- *** you guys might be on to something.
- Uh, charlie.
Charlie.
Dust off the old paper, convert the playground into an office, run a few new expressions.
I could publish anyway.
Larry: I certainly laud the attempt to wrestle order out of the chaos of interpersonal relationships, but how are you going to address higher order constraints? Alan: Don't egg him on, larry.
- Heuristics.
- Heuristics, of course.
- See, no.
- everybody knows that.
That's why I didn't get through it to begin with.
I mean, it's too complicated- heuristics.